Anabolic Steroids And Its Effects On The Body - 1272 Words

A 16-year old high school junior was told by his coach that he needed to be stronger and faster if he wanted to play more in his senior year. The young man was discouraged because he has been trying for years to gain weight and muscle, but it just was not enough. He remembered a friend telling him about what anabolic steroids had done for him and decided to try it, he would later regret that decision. Anabolic steroids are drugs that reciprocate certain natural hormones in the body such as the male hormone testosterone, which can improve endurance and performance and stimulate muscle growth. Even though anabolic steroids may provide the body image and results some adolescents want, they can be harmful to the adolescent body and mind, it’s not fair to those who gained weight and muscle naturally because they may have a smaller chance of recognition, and there are safer alternatives that can assist in gaining weight and muscle. According to Dr. Ali Mohamadi, a medical doctor fro m the FDA, states that,â€Å"Various studies have been conducted and generally reflect the findings of a Youth Risk and Behavior Surveillance System study, which estimated that among U.S. high school students, 4.9% of males and 2.4% of females have used anabolic steroids at least once in their lives. That’s 375,000 young men and 175,000 young women.† Anabolic steroids can pose a major threat to the adolescent body and mind, especially if they are abused over a long period of time. The adolescent bodyShow MoreRelatedSports Philosophy And Recreation : Anabolic Steroids1430 Words   |  6 PagesRecreation Are Anabolic Steroids Important Of Body Building? I will argue no that anabolic steroids are not important for body building because they have great negative effects. The use of anabolic steroids has been discouraged over the years because of their side effects, and they are against the philosophy of sports. The steroids are medicine and protein supplements that aid in the body building. I hugely oppose the notion that anabolic steroid are imperative in building the body. The studies clearlyRead MoreAnabolic Steroids Summary Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesThesis: Anabolic Steroids are powerful drugs that help the body gain mass, but also hurts the body with drastic side effects. I. Basic Information A. Anabolic Steroids Aid Body Growth B. Have Drastic Side Effects II. Side Effects of Steroids A. Ways to tell somebody may be using steroids B. Side effects of Steroids in Males C. Side effects of Steroids in Females III. Different Types of Anabolic Steroids A. Oral Anabolic Steroids B. Intravenous Anabolic Steroids IV. Teen UsageRead MoreEssay on Anabolic Steroids1716 Words   |  7 Pages Anabolic Steroids nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Anabolic steroids are synthetic coumpounds formulated to be like the male sex hormone testosterone. Many athletes use anabolic steroids male and female alike, such as body builders , weightlifters, baseball players, football players, swimmers, and runners. They do so because they mistakenly believe that they will gain strength and size. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In a male testosterone is released by the leydig cells in the testes. The testosteroneRead MoreEssay on The Effects of Testosterone and Steroids 1404 Words   |  6 PagesAnabolic-androgenic steroid is a family of lipophilic hormone that derived from cholesterol, which includes the natural male hormone testosterone and its synthetic derivatives, such as nandrolone and androsterone (Janjic et al. 2012; Basile et al. 2013). Testosterone is the principle molecule that possesses both anabolic and androgenic properties, which semantically refers to the ability to stimulate the synthesis of complex biological molecules and the growth of masculine characteristics respectivelyRead MoreAnabolic Steroids Are Known As Anabolic Androgenic Steroids940 Words   |  4 PagesAnabolic Steroids are known as anabolic-androgenic steroids. A drug that is structured to relate to the cyclic steroid ring system. Anabolic steroids can many similar effects to testosterone in the body. What anabolic steroids do is increase the protein in the cells. The increase in these cells most happens in the skeletal muscles. Anabolic steroids can also have Androgenic and virilizing properties, that includes the development and the maintenance of masculine characteristics. With that, exactlyRead MoreA Brief Note On The Aids And Its Effects On The Body1534 Words   |  7 PagesErgogenic aids are any foreign products taken by athletes to enhance their physical performance or endurance during physical exercise. Ergogenic aids are formulated to positively alter the physiological process in the body thus offering an advantage edge to the user. These aids may include drugs that enhance performance or even supplements formulated for sporting athletes and are divided into three categories including mental, physiological and mechanical factors (Liddle, 2013). Mechanical factorsRead More Anabolic Steroids Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesAnabolic Steroids In today’s society, athletes are revered as heroes. There is immense pressure to be the best. Athletes are willing to do whatever it takes to gain an edge, even if it means compromising their health. For almost three decades, athletes have been supplementing their strength program with anabolic steroids to enhance their performance. To be sure, anabolic steroids are effective supplements to strength training programs, but there is no doubt that the consequences can be deleteriousRead MoreAnabolic Steroids And Its Effects On The Growth Of Muscle Essay1137 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract An anabolic steroid is a synthetic steroid hormone that resembles testosterone in promoting the growth of muscle (NIDA 2004). Many athletes for difference reason use Anabolic Steroids and risk the potential of causing bodily harm/medical issues. There are many anabolic, androgenic effects, and risks. When you continue to negatively use this kind of drug to succeed life threatening consequences come into effect. ..(needs more context ) â€Æ' Introduction In many states and surrounding countriesRead MoreCase Study : Mr. Big Of New Zealand 1624 Words   |  7 PagesJustin Rys was a body builder who, in his prime, was very successful. With massive size and huge muscular gains, he won several body building competitions. He was even titled â€Å"Mr. Big of New Zealand† (Morrah). However, Justin is no shape to compete now and his health is quickly failing him. He can barely walk on the beach without losing his balance and his brain is all but functioning properly. His doctors do not know what is wrong with him and are doing all they can just to keep his heart beatingRead MoreAnabolic Steroids Should Be Banned Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesAn anabolic steroid is a synthetic steroid hormone that resembles testosterone in promoting the growth of muscle (NIDA 2004). Anabolic Steroids are taken by many athletes, whether male or female and can harm the body. There are many anabolic, androgenic effects, and risks. When you continue to negatively use this kind of drug to succeed life threatening consequences come into effect. ..(needs more context ) â€Æ' Introduction In many states and surrounding countries athletes are using what are labeled

Malcolm X An African American - 2453 Words

â€Å"Be peaceful, be courteous, obey the law, respect everyone; but if someone puts his hand on you, send him to the cemetery.† That was one of Malcolm X’s quotes. It is great to be nice and fair; but don’t let others make you feel inferior to them, treat you unfairly and cruel. If someone throws a rock at you, you pick one up and throw it right back. Malcolm X was an African American who was deeply involved in the Civil Rights Movement and also the Islamic Nation. He was one of the ministers of Islamic churches after joining the Nation while he was incarcerated. Though he had did a lot of wrongs in his life, he also made many positive actions that would affect history forever. Malcolm X was formerly born as Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska on May 19, 1925. His mother, Louise Norton Little, was constantly occupied with the eight children in the family and his father, Earl, was a Baptist minister who supported and backed the Black Nationalist Leader Marcus Garvey, which was the primary reason the family received many death warnings from a group called the Black Legion, which supported and reinforced the idea of white supremacy. The threats forced the family to move twice before Malcolm’s fourth birthday. (The Biographer Channel, 1) In spite of how hard the family tried to escape white supremacy, their home in Lansing, Michigan was burned down to the ground. In 1931Exactly two years after that, at the age of eight years, Malcolm Little father, minister Earl Little was foundShow MoreRelatedMalcolm X : An African American Pioneer1403 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X was an African-American pioneer and conspicuous figure in the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X verbalized ideas of race pride and dark patriotism in the 1950s and 60s. Conceived on May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska, Malcolm X was a noticeable dark patriot pioneer who served as a representative for the Nation of Islam amid the 1950s and 60s. Because of his endeavors, the Nation of Islam developed from a simple 400 individuals at the time he was discharged from jail in 1952 to 40,000 individualsRead MoreMalcolm X : An African American Leader1337 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X was an African-American leader and prominent figure in the Nation of Islam. Malcolm X articulated concepts of race pride and black nationalism in the 1950s and 60s. Born on May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska, Malcolm X was a prominent black nationalist leader who served as a spokesman for the Nation of Islam during the 1950s and 60s. Due largely to his efforts, the Nation of Islam grew from a mere 400 members at the time he was released from prison in 1952 to 40,000 members by 1960. ArticulateRead MoreMalcolm X : A Young African American2089 Words   |  9 PagesPaper Final Draft Mr. Mullen 6 - 7 - 12 MALCOLM X; EL-HAJJ MALIK EL-SHABAZZ Malcolm X was a young African American who was a militant leader of black independence against white supremacist America. Malcolm was born in Omaha, Nebraska in a small house that he shared with his six other siblings and two parents. Throughout his life he changes from an avid reader and diligent student to a street hustler. Then later to a civil rights leader and activist. Malcolm spent the majority of his active lifeRead MoreMalcolm X : An Extraordinary Figure For African Americans1647 Words   |  7 Pages Malcolm X is an extraordinary figure for African Americans. He is one of the most historic and significant human beings in American history. Malcolm Little was born on May 19, 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska. His mother, Louise Little, was 28 years young and his father Earl Little was an outspoken Baptist minister and supporter of Marcus Garvey s â€Å"Back to Africa Movement†. Malcom had 3 half siblings from his father’s previous marriage and later 6 additional kids. His push for Civil Right made him a targetRead MoreMalcolm X: Paving the Way for the Rights of African Americans977 Words   |  4 Pagesseem to be imbedded in gray shadows. This is how many people view the life of Malcolm X. Malcolm X during his lifetime had influenced many African Americans to step up for their rights against the injustices by the American government. One on hand, he has been criticized for his hard stances that resemble extremism, while on the other hand he has been praised him for his effort in raising the status for African Americans. The extremes in viewing his life from the modern day perspective have oftenRead MoreThe Significance of the Role of Malcolm X on African American Activists1634 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent was the role of Malcolm X significant in the rise of radical African American activism (1965-1968)? A. Plan of the Investigation To what extent was the role of Malcolm X significant in the rise of radical African American activism (1965-1968)? This investigation will assess the significance of Malcolm X’s significance in giving rise to African American activism. Malcolm X’s motives, involvement in the civil rights movement and his leadership will all be discussed in order toRead MoreAfrican Americans On Education : Malcolm X On A Homemade Education1575 Words   |  7 Pages Views of African Americans on education: Malcolm X on a Homemade Education; W.E.B. Dubois in Education; and Oliver Crowell Cox in Education Okema Johnson Coppin State University IDST 499-401 Dr. Ray September 9, 2015 Education is an important aspect in the lives of many individuals. Education is often seen as a means to better oneself. With education, a whole new world can be opened up to individuals. For African Americans education is key to achieving a variety of things inRead MoreMalcolm X And Controversial African American Civil Rights1441 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X was one of the most influential and controversial African American civil rights leader in the United States during the 1960s. In the United States, African Americans were racially segregated by Jim Crow Laws. Jim Crow Laws referred to practices and laws that served to separate African Americans from white people. The most common type of Jim Crow Laws separated black and white citizens in public places. Some of the places that separated the blacks and the whites were restaurants and theatersRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Civil Rights Activists Like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. And Malcolm X Essay951 Words   |  4 Pages(K arenga). This statement speaks truth to how African Americans felt in the 1960s and still today. Many great Civil Rights activists like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X wanted to set examples including being the voice of African Americans because many were silent about the injustice they endured from white Americans. Blacks felt that having artists of their own kind to relate to would be a sign of freedom a starting point to be equal to white Americans. This included black artists in music, actingRead MoreThe Importance of the Civil Rights Leaders Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pagesequality and freedom for African Americans. Over 70% of African Americans were experiencing segregation and discrimination during the civil right movement. African Americans only had one another for support, so during this time African Americans appreciated civil right leaders. During the civil rights movement, many leaders helped African Americans cope with changes that they were experiencing. Some African Americans looked up to civil rights leaders, because they were African American, so they knew how

Fiscal Strategy and Outlook Budget.

Question: Discuss about the Fiscal Strategy and Outlook Budget. Answer: Introduction: Fiscal policy is a fundamental instrument in the modern economy. Typically, fiscal policy pertains to the means by which the government regulates the levels of tax rates and public expenditure to control the aggregate economy. Often, the policy is used together with monetary policy to stabilize the economy. Primarily, the policy is implemented with the aim of stabilizing economic growth, maintaining low inflation levels and stimulating economic growth during times of recession. Thus, the policy may be used to either stimulate economic growth during times of recession or slow down economic activity in times of inflation. It is imperative to note that fiscal policy may also be utilized to remove deflationary gaps in the economy. Deflationary gaps are common during times of recession. It is the difference between the output level of full employment and actual output. High deflationary gaps indicate the existence of high levels of unemployment and underutilization of resources in the economy. Commonly, the gap is caused by a fall in the level of aggregate demand, exports, and investments within the economy. Subsequently, its existence in the economy may bring about an increase in the joblessness, deflation and low economic growth in the economy (Carmignani, 2013). In this regard, the government implements expansionary fiscal policies to reduce the deflationary gap and stimulate economic activity in the country. Notably, during recession, the level of economic activity in limited. Thus, expansionary fiscal policy is used to enhance the aggregate demand. For this reason, the government either increases its level of spending or introduces tax cuts. Lower tax rates will increase the level of disposable income available for firms and households to spend on consumption goods. In turn, this will bring about an increase in consumer spending, thereby a rise in total demand. An upturn in demand would also lead to a rise in employment opportunities, thereby reducing the deflationary gap. Mainly, this is because firms will be forced to hire more workers to meet the new demand. Overall, an expansionary fiscal policy helps to stimulate economic activity and enhance growth. Graphical representation of the deflationary gap On the other hand, during inflationary periods, the level of economic activity is high, and prices are also high. Consequently, the government is forced to utilize contractionary fiscal policy tools to slow down the economic activity in the country. In this regard, the government may reduce its spending or increase the taxation levels in the country. In turn, this causes a decline in the level of economic activity in the aggregate economy. Particularly, this is because an increase in taxation reduces the available disposable income for households and reduces after-tax profits for firms. In turn, both agents reduce their level of consumption spending. At times, firms are forced to lay off some workers, thereby increasing the level of unemployment. Eventually, this results in reduced economic activity, thereby bringing the level of inflation down. For a long time now, the Australian government has been spending beyond its means. For this reason, the country has been experiencing significant budget deficits. Typically, the government budget is a detailed report of the revenues received and payments made by the government. Thus, a budget deficit arises when the total public expenditure exceeds the revenue collected through taxes and other fees. Previously, the Australian government purposed to bring the nations budget to a surplus in 2019-20. However, this trajectory has since been revised to 2020-21. The countrys current fiscal position does not warrant for a budget surplus (Payne Hall, 2017). Instead, the economy is characterized by continued deficits. In 2015, the country recorded a deficit of approximately 2.4 percent of the economys GDP. The average level of government budget between 1979 and 2015 is -0.94 percent of the countrys GDP. With respect to this period, the highest level of government budget achieved in Australia was recorded in 2000 at 2 percent of the overall GDP. In contrast, the lowest level of government budget was achieved in 2010, at -4.2 percent of the GDP. Within the same time frame, the highest level of government debt to GDP was an all-time high of 36.80 percent, whereas the lowest is 9.70 percent. Although the Australian economy is strong, the economy is surviving on an unsustainable structural deficit. Predominantly, this deficit is an aftermath of irresponsible spending policies of the government. This has led to a massive accumulation of public sector debt. For this reason, policies should be instigated to provide viable solutions to the problem both in the immediate term and in the long run. Thus, policy must be implemented to facilitate reforms in the economy (Pettinger, 2016). In this regard, the Australian government may utilize a combination of policies to reduce the continued budget deficit by 2020-21. First, the Australian government can cut its public spending to reduce the degree of its fiscal debt. Primarily, this is one of the most effective methods of reducing the government debt by causing a reduction in the amount payable as debt. Markedly, Canada introduced spending cuts in the 1990s and realized massive declines in its level of budget deficits (Harrison, 2011). In addition, the country recorded substantial increases in the level of economic growth (Congressional Budget Office, 2011). Consequently, this proved that cutting government expenditure may be a successful means to reduce budget deficits. Secondly, the government may increase the taxation rates in the country. Basically, an increase in the level of taxation will translate to an increase in government revenue. In turn, this would help in offsetting the countrys deficit. In addition, the government may reduce its budget deficits by enhancing the level of economic growth in the country (Lewis, 2014). If the economy grows, the level of tax revenue will increase without even raising the taxes. Subsequently, firms will pay more corporate taxes, workers will pay more income taxes, and consumers will pay more in VAT. Over time, the level of the budget deficit will decline. The government may also opt for bailout or default (Pettinger, 2016). When compared to other economies of the OECD, the Australian budget deficit is relatively small (OECD, 2016). Since 2007, Australia has been in the middle of the OECD pack. Mainly, this is attributed to the 4.4 percent point deterioration in the countrys budget balance to GDP ratio (Collins, 2014). According to the MYEFO statement, the Australian budget deficit increased to $37.4 billion. Regardless of this deficit, there was a $2.3 billion decline in the projection deficit for 2015-16 (Woodley Anderson, 2015). It is imperative to note that various factors have contributed to these deteriorations. First, the regime has dedicated around $3.5 billion in additional spending to cater for the innovation package, resettlement of the Syrian refugees, pharmaceutical subsidies and additional road funding (Woodley Anderson, 2015). Regardless of the immense expenditures, the government is purported to make new savings to offset the expenditures. Predominantly, the government aims at making significant savings in its budget. For instance, the government is expected to save approximately $2 billion over a four-year period from people who incorrectly claim welfare payments from the government. Likewise, it will save $650 million over four years by reducing incentives for MRI service and dealing away with incentives for pathology services (Woodley Anderson, 2015). Furthermore, the government intends to cut down spending in health workforce programs. By so doing, it will be able to save around $595 million over a four-year period. What is more, the government purposes to reduce its spending on aged care services by 472 million over a three-year period. Moreover, child care subsidies would be reduced by approximately $441 million, especially from households that earn more than $250,000 (Woodley Anderson, 2015). By and large, these changes are bound to offset the huge spending and thereby reduce the overall budget deficit. There are various consequences that may arise from reductions in the level of government spending. Specifically, instigating spending cuts in the economy is a form of contractionary fiscal policy. Therefore, the level of aggregate demand in the economy is expected to decline substantially. Mainly, this is because there is a reduced demand for products and services by the government. In turn, this will bring about a slowdown in the level of economic activity in the aggregate economy. A decline in aggregate demand may force firms to reduce their production capacity. Thus, some employees will be laid off from the workforce. Consequently, the rate of unemployment in the country will rise. It is, therefore, imperative to note that although the implementation of spending cuts may bring about declines in the countrys budget deficit, the policy may lead to other significant problems in the economy. High unemployment rates and slow economic growth may arise as a consequence. According to the 2016-17 MYEFO statement, the Australian economy continues to switch from the investment stage to the later stages of the mining boom. As a result, economic growth is expected to increase over the forecast period. In this financial year, the real GDP is expected to expand by about 2 percent. In the same way, economic growth is forecasted to increase to 2.75 percent in 2017-18 (Australian Government, 2017). On the other hand, the cash shortfall is projected to drop from $36.5 billion in 2016-17 to approximately $10 billion in 2019-2020 (Australian Government, 2017). In addition, household consumption and exports are predicted to enhance growth. Non-mining business investment is expected to increase over time. Then again, the level of employment is expected to drop from 1.9 percent in 2015-16 to around 1.25 percent in 2016-17 (Australian Government, 2017). Projections indicate that this rate is further expected to increase to about 1.5 percent. Conversely, the unemployment levels in the country are projected to reduce significantly. As such, the rate is expected to drop from 5.7 percent in 2015-16 to 5.5 percent in 2016-17. The figure is predicted to remain constant in 2017-18 before dropping further to 5.25 percent in the following year. Afterward, the level of unemployment is predicted to remain constant at 5.25 percent (Australian Government,2017). Furthermore, the countrys level of inflation is expected to increase over time. Specifically, the degree of consumer price index is projected to rise from 1.0 percent in 2015-16 to around 1.75 percent in 2016-17. In 2017-18, the figure is expected to further rise to about 2 percent (Australian Government, 2017). In the same way, the wage price index is projected to rise from 2.1 percent to 2.25 percent between 2015-16 and 2016-17. In the following years, the figure is projected to further rise. The government is still committed to increasing employment opportunities, investment, and growth in the country. For this reason, it has implemented various structural changes in the level of its spending and saving to reduce the level of budget deficit in the country. First, the government purposed to reduce its spending on the social welfare system by ensuring that only persons with genuine need receive government support. This is expected to reduce the deficit by $2.1 billion. In addition, the government purposes to scrap off the Asset Recycling Fund of 2014-15 (Payne Hall, 2017). It also intends to introduce new vocational education and training loans. In turn, this would reduce government debt by around $25 billion within a ten year period. Largely, the budget is still expected to yield a surplus in 2020-21 (Australian Government, 2017). Fiscal policy is a vital policy instrument in the modern economy. The implementation of the policy in a modern economy results in a wide range of effects on the economy. The policy is useful in regulating the level of economic activity in the aggregate economy (Amadeo, 2016). For this reason, there are various advantages associated with the use of this instrument as a means to stimulate or slow down economic activity in the aggregate economy. One major strength of the policy is that it can be used by the government to direct spending to specific projects, sectors, and regions. Thus, unlike monetary policy which is general in nature, fiscal policy can be utilized to stimulate the sectors of the economy that are perceived to require stimulation. Besides, the effects of the policy can be realized within a short time period, and the results achieved much quicker as compared to other policies. Furthermore, this policy instrument can easily be implemented to discourage the existence of negative externalities within the economy. Explicitly, the government may use taxation to discourage polluters and firms that overexploit natural resources (Use of Fiscal, n.d.). In turn, this helps in reducing negative effects on the environment as well as generate additional government revenue. As well, the policy can be used to reduce the gap between the poor and the rich. As such, the government may impose different tax rates on different levels of income, thereby creating more burden on the rich while reducing the tax obligations of the poor. Most importantly, fiscal policies have the power to reduce the level of a countrys budget deficit, thereby reducing the economic effects associated with high public debt (European Central Bank, 2005). Additionally, the expansionary tool of the policy has the capacity to reduce the level of unemployment in the country. Also, fiscal policy can substantially influence the level of national income and hence has an immediate effect on the economy. Despite the numerous strengths associated with the use of the policy, there are various weaknesses also linked to its use. One major disadvantage of the policy is that it is relatively inflexible. Principally, changes in the level of government expenditure or tax rates may take a long period of time. Often, the lags arise due to moral and political implications in the process. The other weakness pertains to the fact that the use of fiscal policy to solve one macroeconomic problem may lead to the creation of another challenge in the economy. For instance, stimulating the level of aggregate demand in a bid to increase employment opportunities may bring about increased inflation in the economy. Mainly, this is due to the fact that growth in demand brings about a rise in the general price levels within the country. What is more, implementation of fiscal policy may result in a conflict of objectives in the economy. As such, the combination of contractionary and expansionary fiscal policy within the economy leads to a conflict of objectives. Besides, the implementation of fiscal policy tools such as taxation may be disapproved by the residents of the country. Increasing the rates of taxation in the economy may create an unnecessary burden on the taxpayers and is thus unpopular among households and firms. In addition, it may be politically dangerous to implement such policies. Regardless of its weakness, the use of fiscal policy to control the aggregate economy has significant benefits to the Australian economy. References The Fiscal Strategy and Outlook. Australian Government. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.ncoa.gov.au/report/phase-one/part-a/1-3-the-fiscal-strategy-and-outlook.html Amadeo, K. (2016). What Is Fiscal Policy? Types, Objectives, and Tools. The Balance. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-fiscal-policy-types-objectives-and-tools-3305844 Australia Government Budget. Trading Economics. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.tradingeconomics.com/australia/government-budget Budget deficits: What Governments Are Doing. OECD. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.oecd.org/general/budgetdeficitswhatgovernmentsaredoing.htm Carmignani, F. (2013). What Is Good Fiscal Policy In Australia?. The Conversation. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://theconversation.com/what-is-good-fiscal-policy-in-australia-17589 Collins, B. (2014). Here's The Big Problem With Comparing Australia's Budget Deficit To Other OECD Countries. Business Insider. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.com.au/heres-the-big-problem-with-comparing-australias-budget-deficit-to-other-oecd-countries-2014-5 Harrison, E. (2016). How to Reduce Government Budget Deficits. Credit Writedowns. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.creditwritedowns.com/2011/02/how-to-reduce-government-budget-deficits.html Inflationary and Deflationary Gaps. Economic Concepts. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://economicsconcepts.com/inflationary_and_deflationary_gaps.htm Lewis, P. (2014). Australias Economy Is Healthy, So How Can There Be A Budget Crisis?. The Conversation. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://theconversation.com/australias-economy-is-healthy-so-how-can-there-be-a-budget-crisis-26036 Mid-year Economic and Fiscal Outlook: Part 1-Overview. (2017). Australian Government (1st ed., pp. 5-21). Retrieved from https://www.budget.gov.au/2015-16/content/myefo/html/index.htm Mid-year Economic and Fiscal Outlook: Part 2 Economic Outlook. (2017). Australian Government (1st ed., pp. 5-21). Retrieved from https://www.budget.gov.au/2016-17/content/myefo/download/02-Part-2.pdf Mid-year Economic and Fiscal Outlook: Part 3 Fiscal and Strategy Outlook. (2017). Australian Government (1st ed., pp. 5-21). Retrieved from https://www.budget.gov.au/2016-17/content/myefo/download/03-Part-3.pdf OECD. (2014). OECD Economic Surveys Australia (1st ed., pp. 5-34). OECD. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/general/budgetdeficitswhatgovernmentsaredoing.htm Payne, A., Hall, A. (2014). Australian government debt and fiscal position. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/BriefingBook44p/AustGovDebt Pettinger, T. (2012). Deflationary Gap. Economics Help. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/glossary/deflationary-gap/ Pettinger, T. (2016). Policies to Reduce a Budget Deficit. Economics Help. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/6011/economics/policies-to-reduce-budget-deficit/ Reducing the Deficit: Spending and Revenue Options. Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.cbo.gov/publication/22043 The Role of Fiscal and Monetary Policies in the Stabilization of the Economic Cycle (2005). European Central Bank. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/date/2005/html/sp051114.en.html The Use of Fiscal Policy to Stabilize the Economy. Lardbucket.org. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/macroeconomics-principles-v1.0/s15-02-the-use-of-fiscal-policy-to-st.html Woodley, N., Anderson, S. (2015). MYEFO: Budget Deficit Increases To $37b As Government Releases Economic Update. ABC. Retrieved 25 January 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-12-15/budget-deficit-increased-as-myefo-released/7029472

The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner free essay sample

The paper analyzes the poem The Death of the Ball Turrett Gunner by American poet Randall Jarrell. An analysis of the poem The Death of the Ball Turrett Gunner by Randall Jarrell about a plane gunner and his death in battle. The paper covers areas such as denotation and connotation, imagery, literary techniques, symbols, irony and tone of the poem. Flak, nightmare and woke are words especially well chosen. Flak in the poem refers to flak from machine-gun fire but the word flak also has a second meaning of criticism. This double meaning implies that he is disliked with the actual flak a product of this dislike. Jarrell then describes the fighters shooting at the gunner as nightmare fighters. The word nightmare on one level means terrible but on another links to the feeling of the complete terror in a nightmare. This double meaning gives an insight into the gunners fear. We will write a custom essay sample on The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The word woke also has important connotations. While the denotation to wake is important, it also implies a greater significance in the connotation meaning becoming aware of. The woke then means not only that he woke up but also that he realized something.

Legal Process Paper †Employment Law Essay

Legal Process Paper – Employment Law Essay Free Online Research Papers Discrimination is discussed in the workplace during orientation and in meetings. An employer has lawyers available on some jobs but federal laws dislike job discrimination. Most company valued their employees and do not want this matter to hurt the company or the employee. Filing a claim is a lengthy process so John must have patients when dealing with the legal system and Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. John understands that Equal Employment Opportunity Commission will assist him a counselor through this discrimination process. John will have a civil litigation processes he will go through. John employers may even dispute this claim but he can appeal it. John should have already talked with his supervisor or manager about this situation. Then, if he is still not satisfied, then the next step is to document every conversation they had since the problem started. Information about what happen when John tried to let them know how he came to this discussion about the claim. John has to tell the owner of the company before filing a discrimination complaint against the company. If he can’t trust a coworker then he needs to contact his human resources department. John should have detail documentation about what occurs at the time he was employed. John will gather information he has against his complaint towards the employer. The more information John has to confirm his complaint, the better his case would be. John should state description of what actions has taken place during the time of each incident, and each time he had talk or contacted a manager. John has the right to file discrimination complaint against his employer, once he follows the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission guidelines. John should know his rights as an employee to be free from retaliation. John will let his employer know about the discrimination charges against the company. John will identify what discrimination complaint he has against his employer. The court clerk office will serve the company papers. This information should be kept confidential among other employees at the company. No employee should discuss the discrimination charges, especially the ones who will be witness in the claim. This could be an employee to employer dispute, so this claim is not mention at all. â€Å"Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission states this could be illegal to discriminate on the basis of race, color, sex, r eligion, national origin or martial status in any aspect of employment.† The next step for John is to following the civil litigation processes steps, which shows him how to file the complaint. Filling out questionnaire question and not leaving any blank. John has 180 days after the incident to returning the papers. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission will contact John within 10 days once he had filing a claim, to let him know the decision. â€Å"The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission makes a determination as to whether there is reasonable cause or no reasonable cause for the employee to charge the employer with violating Title VII. (Bennett, Alexander Harman, 2007)† Once Equal Employment Opportunity Commission determines the outcome of the crime, then John can bring charges up on the employer. John can win the cases and be in title to back pay. John discrimination complaints and disputes in the workplace will be settled in a timely manner. Company’s policy should state that all employees and employers who have confrontations or disagreement will address these issues in a meeting. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission had rules whether companies are privately own or a corporation that your employees can file discrimination complaint against any company, and that company will be thoroughly investigated. Legal courts will be notified, when investigation is completed and John has won the disputes against his employer. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission will advise John of his rights and responsibility, he does have a choice when it comes to be satisfied during this informal complaint process. Every company and employees should have some understand about the legal system. Reference: Travis County Law Library. (2008) Steps in the Texas Civil Litigation Process. Retrieved July 2, 2009, from co.colin.tx.us/law_library/documents/tx_civil_ligation _steps.pgf D. D. Bennett-Alexander and L. P. Hartman. (2007). Employment Law for Business (5th ed.) McGraw-Hill, Boston, MA Research Papers on Legal Process Paper - Employment Law EssayMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesTrailblazing by Eric Anderson19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaTwilight of the UAWBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XCapital PunishmentThe Project Managment Office SystemNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice

The Top 10 Secrets of All Nurses

The Top 10 Secrets of All Nurses Everybody job has secrets, but the club of nursing is one with a shared language and camaraderie more intense than most professions. Here are 10 things nurses never tell their patients. 1. They’re poopedTheir feet are aching. They’ve been on rotating shifts with high stress and very little sleep. They probably haven’t had a regular sleep routine since adolescence. And they never seem to go home! No matter how tired you are, a nurse is probably more fatigued.2. Handing out pills is not so simpleBy the time your morning meds get to your bedside, you may think it’s just a matter of downing the contents of that little plastic cup. But the nurse who prepared them also prepared meds for dozens of other patients. And for each one, had to double-check the name and purpose of each drug, plus any contraindications and special dosages, and then acquire each drug (sometimes from the pharmacy, sometimes requiring calls to your physician). So be patient and grateful nex t time you chug those pills.3. They don’t just blindly follow rulesSometimes a nurse, because of experience and expertise, might bend a directive ever-so-slightly if he or she is sure it isn’t in your best interest. Remember, nurses spend a whole lot more time with patients than doctors typically do. And they’ve seen everything before.4. They get sickThough they’ll never show it, they spend all of their time around your germs and are just as susceptible, if not more so, given their schedules! No nurse will put a patient in danger when contagious, but plenty of nurses do their jobs when they aren’t feeling 100%. They’ll care for you even when they neglect themselves!5. They have families who need them, tooYour nurse could have a sick kid at home or a sick family member in the hospital the next town over. They’ll give you 100% because it’s their job to care for you, even when they go home and care for someone else- and probably w ish they could be doing that full time instead.6. They see you as a personYou’re not just a case file to a nurse. Often you might remind them so much of someone in their lives- a parent, child, or friend. Even if you or your case don’t perfectly resemble their favorite uncle Joe, they’ll often be struck by some personal connection or will identify with some aspect of you or your treatment.7. They fight for youYou’ll never know it, because it isn’t very nurse-like to boast of such things, but nurses are constantly going to bat for their patients. If they disagree with a doctor or they want to make you more comfortable, they’ll do everything they can to set things right.8. They don’t want to lose youWhen things go scary and the crash cart rolls out, nurses are terrified. They may not show it- in fact, they operate like elite officers to move efficiently and perfectly through the life-saving steps they’ve been trained to take. But inside, they’re panicking, and utterly relieved when you pull through. Nurses never want to lose a patient. Never.9. They take their work homeEver heard a nurse promise to pray for you or your loved one? That’s not an empty threat. When they’re home and off the clock, chances are they think of you from time to time and wonder how you’re doing. If they’re worried enough, they’ll probably call a colleague to inquire.10. They very likely have had a rough dayIf your nurse seems distracted, it’s not that he or she doesn’t know what’s going on with you or that you’re getting sub-par care. Nurses deal with many, many patients at a time–and due to the nature of the job, many of those patients are very sick. Your nurse might have even lost a patient that day. Yes, nursing is their job, but they’re human, too, and helping sick people day in and day out can take its toll. Have empathy, and know your nurse is d oing the best she/he can.About all other things, it’s safe to say, nurses are an open book.

ITM Innovation Technology Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

ITM Innovation Technology Management - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the study of the innovation process in and amongst organizations has evolved as a multi-disciplinary endeavor. Innovation is the process of making changes to sumfink established by introducing sumfink new that adds value to customers and contributes to the knowledge store of the organization. One can use all they need to introduce some advancement and innovation, yet one cannot promise achievement. In today’s world, some companies are striving hard to bring sumfink innovative in the market or introduce some innovation in their existing products. As the market has become more competitive over the past few years that businesses now have to focus much on the changing trends of innovations, whether its technologies or strategic plans of some companies. Companies are much more likely to gain the positive response from the consumers if they fulfill the demands of the customers. However, many companies still avoid from going to any inn ovation process as they think that the unique or new change might not be acceptable to their customers. Nonetheless, there are many companies who thought out of the box and introduced such amazing products and services in the market and within their organizations that they are now counted amongst the top 10 innovative companies of the world. No wonder, every company would have to pass through some experiences, both negative and positive but the ones who surpassed the hard times and took the risks are now the ones who are the most appreciated amongst their customers.

The Financing of Small Businesses in Saudi Arabia Essay

The Financing of Small Businesses in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example Moreover, differences have been identified between the measures taken by governments in developed and developing countries regarding the limitation of inequalities in the support offered to entrepreneurs worldwide; the form and the level of governmental support to business activities have been also found to be related with the size of the firm involved – a fact that can offer the chance to foreign firms to enter the market – domestic firms that are already well developed are also likely to increase their power (Keren et al., 2002, 17). It seems that the financing of small firms can be a challenging effort in most markets internationally. Of course, the personal involvement of the entrepreneur – owner of a small firm – in the relevant effort could increase the chances for success – however, a positive outcome cannot be guaranteed. Various factors, like the local culture and ethics and the position/ strength of the national economy, seem to influence the effectiveness of the particular initiatives. The above issue is highlighted in the study of Busenitz et al (2001). The above study refers to the effectiveness of strategies of small firms in China; it has been proved that ‘younger business owners with a higher need for achievement, greater commitment, and perceived limitations in physical facilities were more likely to expand’ (Busenitz et al., 2001, 12). From a different point of view, it is supported that ‘differences in environmental conditions in different country markets, in terms, for example, of market size and growth, rate of technological change, or barriers to entry, may also lead to differences in strategy’ (Douglas et al., 1989, 440). The view of Douglas et al. (1989) highlights the potential involvement of a series of factors in the development of business activities – in accordance with this view, the local culture can affect business plans –almost at the same level with the size of the firm.  

Rural Lives Versus Urban Lives Essay Example for Free

Rural Lives Versus Urban Lives Essay Urban and rural living each have their own benefits and drawbacks. A person’s personality, work status, financial situation and his or her age may influence the choice of environment where he or she likes living. In my opinion, the rural life is somehow suitable for the elderly people’s lifestyle while the urban life always inspirit the way young people live. It‘s easier and more comfortable for old people to keep up with the rural style in daily life. Firstly, cities are more crowned and faster-paced while rural living is often more relaxed and less congested. The slower pace of rural areas provides a sense of community and the openness makes people seem accessible to each other. Secondly, cities have fewer homes with yards, but those living in rural areas have more access to open space and nature. A close link to the nature is considered as the most important part of old people’s lives. In contrast, cities have state-of-the art skyscrapers and office that serve to create walls. Finally, cities are a hub for industrialization. There are more factories and businesses, making the areas more polluted. Additionally, the increased population in cities makes the ground more likely to be marred by litter and heavy use. These would have a bad influence on elderly resident’s health. Read more:Â  Rural Area vs Urban Area Living in a lively city is always a sparking desire of young people. City life gives inhabitants the ability to be exposed to more culture. Museums, theatre, and monuments are often easily accessible in cities. Additionally, most cities have a broad range of multicultural restaurants accessible by public transportation or walking. In contrast, entertainment in rural areas may be more limited or require travel. These conveniences are main attractiveness to young people and let them try to become a complete urban resident. City life, like rural life, has its share of advantages and disadvantages. People’s lifestyle choices which are different in separate stages of people’s lives dictate where they choose to live.

How is National Income derived? What is the GDP? What information does

How is National Income derived? What is the GDP? What information does it give us about a nation? What is per capita income? If you wanted to know about the economy of a country, which would you consider more important, and why? (25 points) National Income is derived through the overall income earned by a country’s people, including labor and capital investment. Gross domestic product is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It measures output generated through production by labor and property which is physically located within the confines of a country. The following excerpts are definitions of National Income and GNPas listed on this website http://members.shaw.ca/h-chartrand/Macro%20+%202.0.htm â€Å"National income is the sum of all factor earnings from production of current goods and services. Factor earnings are incomes of factors of production: land (rent), labor (salaries & wages), and capital (interest and investment income)†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Gr... How is National Income derived? What is the GDP? What information does How is National Income derived? What is the GDP? What information does it give us about a nation? What is per capita income? If you wanted to know about the economy of a country, which would you consider more important, and why? (25 points) National Income is derived through the overall income earned by a country’s people, including labor and capital investment. Gross domestic product is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It measures output generated through production by labor and property which is physically located within the confines of a country. The following excerpts are definitions of National Income and GNPas listed on this website http://members.shaw.ca/h-chartrand/Macro%20+%202.0.htm â€Å"National income is the sum of all factor earnings from production of current goods and services. Factor earnings are incomes of factors of production: land (rent), labor (salaries & wages), and capital (interest and investment income)†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Gr...

How to Prevent Air Pollution

HOW TO PREVENT AIR POLLUTION Let us take a nice look to talk about what the a? r polluti? on really is. I mean the reality is that the issue of air pollution control needs is something that we all are well aware of. But are we facing the exact way that we have to prevent it? Really, its a major problem to the whole of the continent and it can cause a global warming to all over the world. There are three steps that we have to take to solve this air pollution problems: recycling, saving energy and placing factories outside of the city.Recycling is one of the best ways to reduce air pollition. The first step we need to take is that we have to pro duce less to conserve mor energy. second, We see many people throwing things in the roads in our daily life. some of these people foced them to do this with out containers on the road and some others do this by offens? vely. So we have to put containers to every were posible and we have to show the others who do this by consciously. also, we ha ve to work hard to stop what ever can increase air pollition. y the way we have to stop using volotile organic compounds (VOC) which are the gases that are emitted from certain materials. These materials include spray paints, pesticides, glues, permanent markers, etc. Instead of going for materials that contain VOCs, we have to go to the products that contain water as basically or have low levels of VOCs. Second step that we can prevent air pollution is saving energy. Suerly, how much energy we save, reduces the amount of air pollution in the air. imple steps that we can save energy is using les natural gasses, gasoline and electricity which can actually save a lot of fossil fuels. In order to save electricity, we to take small steps like using fans instead of air conditioners, turn off electrical appliances when we leave a room, replace our incandescent lights with fluorescent lights, use solar energy, use a microwave to heat up small meals than burning the gas stove, purchase ener gy saving appliances, and so on.Also there is another step that we can save energy to reduce air polution. For example when we are driving, we to take these steps like obeying the speed limit, replacing our car's air filter on time, accelerating gradually, keeping our tires inflated properly, buying cars that are designed to emit low pollution. The last step is that we have to locate factories outside of the cities. As we all are well aware of, factories produce a lot of carbon dioxide which is very dangerous to the hole global. The reality is that we need them because they are necesary to our lives. But the only way we can reduce their harmfulness is that we have to make them outside of the cities. Also we have stop doing same factories which are same work if there are enough factories that can do the job as much as we need. Because building same factories will only increase the emissions. In conclution, we have to take these above steps to prevent this global problem which is air pollution.Actually no matter where you live, air is that one element that will always be around you. So, if you think that staying at home will keep you safe no matter how polluted it is outside, you are completely wrong. Infact if you see many recent researches which are talked to air pollution, you would know that air pollution is the leading cause of many air borne diseases like bronchitis, asthma, non fatal heart attacks, and other respiratory conditions leading to premature deaths all across the globe.

Cauti

Preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections Editor’s note: The following is adapted from HCPro’s new book Preventing Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: Build an Evidence-Based Program to Improve Patient Outcomes. For more information on this book or any other in our library, visit www. hcmarketplace. com. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are the most common of all hospital-acquired conditions (HACs).Eighty percent of urinary tract infections (UTIs) result from indwelling urinary catheters, and 12%–16% of patients admitted to acute care hospitals may have indwelling urinary catheters at some point during their stay. One of the best ways to reduce the risk of CAUTI is to reduce the use of catheters. So as the organization begins its journey, it must decide which patients truly need indwelling urinary catheters. Which patient populations with which diagnoses or conditions meet criteria for insertion? How can the organizati on reduce the use of catheters?Are both male and female urinals readily available for patients with urinary incontinence? Does the organization have the capability to perform noninvasive bladder scanning to assess post-void residuals? Are there patients who are candidates for intermittent catheterization to manage urinary retention and bladder drainage? These types of questions need to be considered when decisions are made to insert an indwelling urinary catheter to provide bladder drainage. The most effective method for eliminating hospital-acquired CAUTIs is prevention as a result of decreasing the use of indwelling urinary catheters (Robinson et al. 2007). The next best method to reduce infections in patients who meet the conditions for catheter placement is to limit catheter days by evaluating the reasons for continuing the catheter on a daily basis and removing the catheter at the moment patients no longer meet criteria (Saint et al. , 2000; Munasinghe et al. , 2001). Develop a prevention plan When patients do require indwelling urinary catheters, constantly evaluate the need for use and identify other methods for managing bladder drainage whenever possible.Developing a prevention plan for your organization will outline steps for physicians and nurses to use in making these important clinical decisions. The prevention plan must include tools to guide clinicians’ decision-making regarding the insertion, care, and continuation of indwelling urinary catheters to ensure prevention of CAUTIs in patients admitted for inpatient care. An example of these essential tools is an algorithm for making decisions regarding the insertion, continuation, and removal of urinary catheters and a means of routinely assessing and documenting continued need for the catheter on a daily basis.In addition, evidence-based care must be provided to patients requiring continued catheter use, so a CAUTI bundle is also an essential CAUTI prevention tool for clinicians. Assess pati ents at admission As patients enter your organization, assessments and appropriate actions should be taken regarding patients who are symptomatic for UTIs. Having the appropriate tests completed to be able to document that the patient’s UTI was present on admission (POA) helps save the organization from being held accountable for a CAUTI in cases where the patient presents with a catheter in place or requires catheter placement shortly after admission.Detailed assessments of patients by their nurses during the admission process must be carefully partnered with, and supported by, physician documentation to determine whether a patient’s UTI preceded placement of the urinary catheter and was POA or whether the infection was acquired as a result of the hospital admission and is then considered an HAC. POA conditions are determined with the following criteria: †¢ There must be clear differentiation in the presence of diagnosis/condition at time of admission or developm ent of the problem after admission. †¢ Physician documentation of the condition must exist in the patient’s medical record.If POA, it must be documented concurrently with the physician’s admission orders. †¢ Primary responsibility for complete and accurate documentation lies with the physician/licensed independent practitioner. †¢ Any incomplete documentation requires provider clarification. Identify risk factors Physicians and nurses must work closely as a team to identify patients at high risk for CAUTI and carefully and accurately document findings in patients’ medical records. These intraprofessional team members must also share the opinion that the best means of preventing CAUTIs is to reduce catheter use whenever possible.Starting with comprehensive patient histories on arrival is essential to identify patients’ risk factors for developing a CAUTI or to determine whether they already have a UTI on admission. According to current findi ngs in the literature and a record review of patients with CAUTI, the following are risk factors (Lo et al. , 2008): †¢ Gender (e. g. , women are more likely to have UTIs than men) †¢ Advanced age †¢ History of urinary tract problems (e. g. , enlarged prostate or urologic surgery) †¢ Neurologic conditions (e. g. , spinal cord injury) causing neurogenic bladder problems †¢ Previous UTIs Previous and/or current abnormal voiding patterns †¢ Current catheter history †¢ Incontinence †¢ Comorbid conditions such as diabetes †¢ Immunosuppression In addition, patient assessments must include documentation of any signs and symptoms of UTIs, including: †¢ A frequent urge to urinate †¢ A painful, burning feeling in the area of the bladder or urethra while urinating †¢ A fullness in the rectum (in men) †¢ Suprapubic tenderness †¢ Passing only a small amount of urine †¢ Cloudy or reddish-colored urine †¢ Fever greater than 100. 3? F (38? C) with or without chills †¢ Incontinence †¢ Pain in the back or sideClinicians should remember that not everyone with a UTI develops signs and symptoms. It is important to distinguish between symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria in these hospitalized patients (Tambyah & Maki, 2000). References Lo, E. , Nicolle, L. , Classen, D. , Arias, K. M. , et al. (2008). â€Å"Strategies to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections in acute care hospitals. † Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 29: S41–S50. Munasinghe, R. L. , Yazdani, H. , Siddique, M. , & Hafeez, W. (2001). â€Å"Appropriateness of use of indwelling urinary catheters in patients admitted o the medical service. † Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 22: 647–649. Robinson, S. , Allen, L. , Barnes, M. R. , et al. (2007). â€Å"Development of an evidence-based protocol for reduction of indwelling urinary catheter usage. † MedSurg Nursi ng 16(3): 157–161. Saint, S. , Weise, J. , Armory, J. K. , et al. (2000). â€Å"Are physicians aware of which of their patients have indwelling urinary catheters? † American Journal of Medicine 109: 476–480. Tambyah, P. A. , & Maki, D. G. (2000). â€Å"Catheter-associated urinary tract infection is rarely symptomatic. † Archives of Internal Medicine 160: 678–687.

Homemade Stink Bomb Recipe and Science

Homemade Stink Bomb Recipe and Science Make your own homemade stink bombs using this easy stink bomb recipe. The stink bombs are as stinky as those youd get at the store and can be made with common household ingredients. Homemade Stink Bomb Ingredients You only need three materials for this project. The stink comes from the reaction between the chemicals in the matches and the ammonia. While any container that can be sealed will work, a plastic bottle is recommended because it wont break. However, another easy option is to use a plastic zip-top baggie. Book of matches (20 matches)Household ammoniaEmpty 20-ounce plastic bottle with cap Make the Stink Bomb Use scissors or a knife to carefully cut the heads off of a book of matches. Dont cut yourself.Place the match heads inside the empty 20-oz bottle. Add about 2 tablespoons of household ammonia.Seal the bottle and swirl the contents around.Wait 3-4 days before uncapping the bottle. After this time your stink bomb will be ready to be opened.Uncap the bottle when youre ready to release the stink. Stink Bomb Facts and Safety This stink bomb forms ammonium sulfide,(NH4)2S, which is the same chemical used in commercial prank or trick stink bombs. The ammonium sulfide is produced as a result of a reaction between hydrogen sulfide and ammonia: H2S 2 NH3 → (NH4)2S The vapor is flammable and associated with hydrogen sulfide gas (rotten egg smell that is toxic in high concentrations), so only make/use the stink bomb in a well-ventilated area, away from heat and flames. Adult supervision is recommended. More Stink Bomb Recipes Disclaimer: Please be advised that the content provided by our website is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. Fireworks and the chemicals contained within them are dangerous and should always be handled with care and used with common sense. By using this website you acknowledge that ThoughtCo., its parent About, Inc. (a/k/a Dotdash), and IAC/InterActive Corp. shall have no liability for any damages, injuries, or other legal matters caused by your use of fireworks or the knowledge or application of the information on this website. The providers of this content specifically do not condone using fireworks for disruptive, unsafe, illegal, or destructive purposes. You are responsible for following all applicable laws before using or applying the information provided on this website.

Definition and Examples of Linguicism

Definition and Examples of Linguicism Linguicism is discrimination based on language or dialect: linguistically argued racism. Its also known as  linguistic discrimination.  The term was coined in the 1980s by linguist Tove Skutnabb-Kangas, who defined linguicism as ideologies and structures that are used to legitimate, effectuate and reproduce an unequal division of power and resources between groups which are defined on the basis of language. Examples and Observations English linguistic imperialism is one sub-type of linguicism. Linguistic imperialism on the part of the speakers of any language exemplifies linguicism. Linguicism may be in operation simultaneously with sexism, racism, or classism, but linguicism refers exclusively to ideologies and structures where language is the means for effecting or maintaining an unequal allocation of power and resources. This could apply, for instance, in a school in which the mother tongues of some children, from an immigrant or indigenous minority background, are ignored, and this has consequences for their learning. Linguicism is also in operation if a teacher stigmatizes the local dialect spoken by the children and this has consequences of a structural kind, that is, there is an unequal division of power and resources as a result.(Robert Phillipson, Linguistic Imperialism. Oxford University Press, 1992)Systemic linguicism may appear whenever the official education framework impedes individuals belonging t o a particular language group in the exercise of rights enjoyed by other students. Moreover, discrimination may take place whenever the state without an objective and reasonable justification fails to treat differently persons whose linguistic situations are significantly different. On the other hand, a government that has no comprehensive data on the linguistic composition of the state population scarcely can provide evidence for the objectiveness of its language policy. . . .[F]undamentally, linguicism is a matter of depriving people of power and influence due to their language.(Pivi Gynther, Beyond Systemic Discrimination. Martinus Nijhoff, 2007) Overt and Covert Linguicism- There are different forms of linguicism. Overt linguicism is exemplified by the prohibition of the use of particular languages for instruction. Covert linguicism is illustrated by de facto non use of certain languages as languages of instruction, even if their use is not explicitly forbidden.(William Velez, Race and Ethnicity in the United States: An Institutional Approach. Rowman and Littlefield, 1998)- Linguicism can be open (the agent does not try to hide it), conscious (the agent is aware of it), visible (it is easy for non-agents to detect), and actively action oriented (as opposed to merely attitudinal). Or it can be hidden, unconscious, invisible, and passive (lack of support rather than active opposition), typical of later phases in the development of minority education.(Tove Skutnabb-Kangas, Linguistic Genocide in Education, or Worldwide Diversity and Human Rights? Lawrence Erlbaum, 2000)Promotion of Prestige Varieties of English[I]n English teac hing, varieties deemed more native-like are promoted as more prestigious for learners while localized varieties are stigmatized and suppressed (see Heller and Martin-Jones 2001). For example, in many post-colonial countries like Sri Lanka, Hong Kong, and India, schools insist on teaching British or American English. The varieties used in everyday life, such as Sri Lankan, Chinese, or Indian English are censored from classroom use.(Suresh Canagarajah and Selim Ben Said, Linguistic Imperialism. The Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics, ed. by James Simpson. Routledge, 2011) See also: Linguistic ImperialismAccent Prejudice  and  Dialect PrejudiceDrawlEnglish-Only MovementLanguage MythLanguage PlanningMultilingualismNative SpeakerismPrestige

Organizational Structure of Spectrum Brand, Inc Research Paper

Organizational Structure of Spectrum Brand, Inc - Research Paper Example Project Management structure fosters the use of teams created from various departments, to achieve goals or create products. This type of structure can be beneficial to Spectrum, as it combines aspects of both a functional organization and project team structure. It effectively coordinates resources for various projects and allows personnel to retain membership on both the team and their functional departments.  However, the matrix structure has some inherent communications challenges. One such challenge is a line of authority and resource allocation ambiguity as personnel report to both their functional manager and the team/project manager. Confusion as to which manager’s authority takes priority regarding tasking can be addressed through the use of pre-established lines of authority, project plans, resource allocation plans, and timelines, as coordinated between the functional and team management. The ambiguity surrounding resource allocation can lead to personal disputes on the number of resources allocated to respective projects. Clearly defining the level of capital, resources, and lines of authority at the beginning of each project offers a viable solution for this dilemma. A second communication challenge is a need for common terminology. New terminology or  hinder productivity of the newly formed team. Management can address this by scheduling on-the-job or external training, as part of the project timeline. A third challenge is the lack of peer interaction from functional teams, due to logistics, if geographically dispersed. To combat this, management should ensure that periodic virtual or in-person team meetings are conducted, allowing personnel to stay abreast of developments in their functional area of expertise and promotional opportunities.

Position Paper on Mountaintop Coal Mining in Appalachia Essay

Position Paper on Mountaintop Coal Mining in Appalachia - Essay Example Therefore, mountaintop coal mining should be reviewed if the cultural heritage and the welfare of the Appalachia communities are to be preserved. This paper explores the impacts of mountaintop mining on Appalachia, impacts that enforcement of regulations by the EPA might have on the future of coal and the extent of reliance on this particular source of coal as well as the opportunities the industry might have moving forward. The Impacts of Mountaintop Mining On Appalachia Socioeconomic Impact Coal mining in Appalachia remains an important contributor to the economy of Appalachia region providing thousands with jobs. However, the disadvantages connected with mountaintop removal coal mining in the region far much outweigh the benefits. Mountaintop removal means no jobs for underground miners and is a huge barrier to the development and diversification of the economy of the Appalachia region. The residents of Appalachia also suffer the highest level of socioeconomic disadvantages. These socioeconomic disparities have been closely link with the impact of coal mining in the area (Hendryx 9). Coal mining in Appalachia perpetuates poverty in the region. ... n Appalachia remains a major contributor of underdeveloped infrastructure, deformed landscape, poorly educated population, chronic ailments among residents and the inability to focus on sustainable businesses (Hendryx 10). Communities near mining sites where mountaintops are blown up are often exposed to strong flash floods. Mountaintop removal mining practice remove trees on steep slopes, which makes water to flow freely from the slopes into the valleys making it dangerous for individuals who occupy those areas. Impact to General Health Appalachia is amongst the unhealthiest palaces to be in the United States. â€Å"Appalachian population experiences higher rates of chronic illnesses compared with the nation as a whole† (Ludke and Obermiller 56). Communities in Appalachia frequently suffer from heart diseases, diabetes, cancer and lung diseases, which are all linked with mountaintop mining. Mountaintop removal mining approach in Appalachia has direct and indirect connections to health issues in the area. Numerous health researches conducted in Appalachia have indicated the adverse impacts of mountaintop removal mining. For instance, one study by Gregory J. Pond indicated that over 90 percent of 27 Appalachian streams were impaired in accordance with Clean Water Act standards. In the same study, it was established that none of the ten streams sampled from none mine areas were impaired (Holzman A478), which indicates the dire consequences of mountaintop removal coal mining in Appalachia. Human health in Appalachian Mountains where mountaintop mining takes place has been deteriorating over the years. The washing of coal requires the use of approximately sixty chemicals including heavy metals, which are intrinsically available in coal. Heavy metals such as lead are known

Workbook One Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Workbook One - Essay Example Considering marriage and family life in Britain, North Ireland and Scotland have lower rates of marriage due to differing religious and cultural structure (Irwin 1994: 129). By virtue of being in Europe, Britain is also a member of the European Economic Community. Anderson (1991) regards them as imagined communities or group of people bound together by their habitat. Emile Durkheim recognized two types of social solidarity: mechanical and organic solidarity (Somerville 2011). Mechanical solidarity is present for those who live together and are mostly bound together by kinship ties. They develop norms that dictate their behaviour and which bind them together. Deviation from acceptable behaviour or norms is considered a crime against the community and is punishable. However, as the community develops and enlarges, people move different ways and this solidarity is broken (Irwin 1994). For example, in Britain after industrialization most people moved to towns to look for greener pastures (jobs) leading to urbanisation. Business run by family members rarely exist anymore giving rise to large factories and industries. Here in factories, division of labour is complex thus necessitating organic solidarity. People performing different tasks collaborate and depend on each other for the well-being of all. These people are thus held together by other intere sts besides place. They may share same religious beliefs, sexual orientation, occupation or ethnic origin (Crow & Allan 1995). For example, we may have a ‘gay or lesbian’ community or a protestant or catholic community. Although families rarely meet like in the past since they are scattered, they communicate often due to improved communication. There are also changes in family life as in contemporary Britain; the family does not depend on the man as the ‘bread winner’. Women are now engaged in

Gaming Affect The Socialization Media Essay

Gaming Affect The Socialization Media Essay Online games  are actually run by the server form internet browser and it requires connecting to internet. The internet is a network that linked computer networking in worldwide, and it is access to average people nowadays, these linked computers transmit data through Internet protocol (IP) and it allows usher to download, upload, sending message and search from internet. What is gamer? Gamer are people who play video/online games (Dictionary.com, 2012). A gamer is a royal player of electronic games, especially for the gaming devices like computer and PSP for such games, and in more recent trend is playing online games. Teenagers Teenagers is any people who aged between 13 years old to 19 years old, (UrbanDictionary, 2012). According to National geographic (2011), teenager like to act different, they are aspire to become adult and always involve in complex behaviors like smoking, sex before married, gambling and also online gaming. Parents According to Oxford Dictionaries.com (2012), parent refer to a persons father and mother and the person who give birth and raise a children. Parents always worry and concern to their children, especially the children facing the development stage in the aged between 13 years old to 19 years old (UrbanDictionary, 2012). Parents are seldom concerned about teenagers to engage in academic activities like sport and reading, as these are the activities seen as healthy social behaviors. The reasons why teenagers playing online games There are some basic reasons why teenagers easy to get attracted by online games. First is the price of games, games are cheap and even free for download through online space. Second reason is the competitive behavior, most gamer will spend so many time to hit the games result and also compete with the others gamers through online, they play non-stop to complete the mission on game to get digital reward like new weapon. We all like to be superior at something. For a teen who isnt necessarily a brilliant student, he/she may be ranked in the top 5 in worldwide for Tetris Battle. The sense of subjugating digital competitor is self-satisfying and isnt too difficult once teenagers has played a game for long time. Maintaining the position of rank in the online games become a serious business, and they putting effort in the hours as a way to achieve it (Hartney, 2011). What is addiction? Addiction has long been understood as a person unable to control one habit, alcohol or drug use (Hartney, 2011). This is because of the physical effects of these substances on the body, especially the brain, people often think that real addiction only occur when people often use these substances(Robinson Berridge, 2003). People also can develop addictive behavior, such as online gaming, even quite ordinary and necessary activities, such as exercise and diet (Charlton Danforth, 2007). What Is Game Addiciton According to Hartney (2011), game addiction is a form of computer addiction or internet addiction. Game addiction often happen on teenagers, over 70% of children aged between 13 and 19 years old play games once in awhile , while 40% of adolescents play an online multiplayer game (Van Rooij Van den Eijnden, 2007). Online gaming allows teenagers to behave very differently from their real life, like a shy child can suddenly became active; a passive child can become aggressive (CRC, 2011). According to research from University of Southern California, the growing popularity of online video games, it will increase the risk of game addiction. The popular games such as World of Warcraft, the massive multi-online role playing games attract gamers to behave in different role in real life if gamers spending in excess of 40 to 50 hours per week playing games, this allow the happen of game addiction(Yong,2009). Gaming affects family relations MMORP is the game with virtual social environment created by multiple gamers. A study conducted by the International Gaming Research Unit at Nottingham Trent University in UK has examined the social interactions that occur both within and outside of MMORPs (Cole and Griffiths, 2007). The study showed MMORPs can be extremely social games, with the high percentages of gamers making life-long friends and partners. The gaming addict stops interacting and participating that the real-life relationships, gamers only spend time on playing games (Kolo and Baur, 2004). Games addiction strain relationships with family. According to the study by Brigham Young University, undergrad Jensen Walker (2009), was based on the information from 813 college students, the more time students spent playing video games, the worse their relationships with parents and friends. This is because the gamers have problems making social connection after spending too much time on online gaming. Some teenagers lying or hiding gaming use to family, they lie to family about what they are really doing on computer, and usually tell them that they are using the computer for work and study (Yong, 2009). Teenagers misuse money in order to spend in game-related items, some of them steal money from family members, and they lie to their family, all to find more time to play the game, this make their relationships with family worst. Teenagers spend more time in front of computer becomes withdrawn from their family and the quality of relation between families members drift apart. Walker said relationship quality is one of a cluster of things that we found to be modestly associated with video games. Research Problem: With the advancement of technology today, the new technology seems to create another problem, which is game addiction. According to an article in the CRC Health Group Educational website (2011), the advance technology has created a lot of games with better graphic, features and characters. The problem of game addiction is increasingly in diverse of age range and especially in teenagers, some teenagers even addicted to the fantasy of gaming and ignore to their family, school, homework and friends. A study done by Brand, Borchard and Holmes (2009) in Australia, they found that game addiction affects on different age range of people which 8 % are over 55 years old, the average age of game players is 29 years old and most of them are male. In the research of Hauge and Gentile (2003) show that most of the game addiction appears in male and game addiction will also cause the problem of lower school performance and aggressive attitudes and behavior. The issue of game addiction has widely research by the Western researcher, but there is less research on the Asian context especially Malaysia, Malaysia is a multicultural country with diverse of culture and value of races. In Malaysia, cyber cafà © are easily found in anywhere. With the growth of economy, more and more people own a computer in their house. This has convenient the teenagers to play games either in their house or outside the house. Teenagers may spend a lot of time on playing games and playing games among teenagers have become a very common thing. In Malaysia, the issue of students skips class because they want to go for playing games is a rifeness phenomenon. Whether these students have got addicted to gaming? So this research want to find out how much time teenagers in Malaysia use to play games and accompany their parents and also to see whether teenagers will lie to their parents for their gaming habits. This all will conclude and show that whether the research o f game addiction on the Western context are applicable to the Malaysia context. Research Question: Does gaming can affect the relationship between teenagers and their parents? Research Objectives Main Objective: To find out whether gaming can affect the relationship between teenagers and their parents. Sub Objective: To find out how much time teenagers spend on playing games. To find out how much time teenagers spend in the family activities. To find out whether teenagers will lie to their parents about their gaming habits. Research Scope: In this research, the sample used will be the teenagers. According to Dictionary.com, teenager is referring to people who are age between 13 to 19 years old. This research is a quantitative research which using questionnaire to collect data from the samples. The samples selected are the purposive sample which is in the categories of non probability sample which the sample must be the teenager which are 13 to 19 years old. The location is the 3 Internet cafà © around Penang Island area and the teenagers will be asked question like How old are you? before giving the questionnaire to the sample to make sure the person answering the questionnaire are the correct sample. This can filter out the other non target sample and reduce the chance of getting conflict in answering questionnaire and also reduce the unnecessary error in sampling. Before distributing the questionnaire to the targeted sample, the questionnaire will gone through a pilot test on 30 of the TARC students to verify and refined the question in the questionnaire to make it more relevant and effective in gathering data. The research will be conducted for about 1 week in 3 different Internet cafà © in Penang Island area. The sample size is 150 target teenagers and 50 samples for each of the Internet cafà ©. This is due to the time and financial limitation so the sample size has to cut down into 150 peoples. Significance of Study: The game addiction in teenagers has become a common social issue since the development of technology. The researcher has done a lot of research on this issue but most of them are based on the Western context and the result cannot be generalized as same with the Asian context. Malaysia is a multicultural country with a diverse culture and ethnicity, the peoples mind thinking and behavior also not the same. So this research aim to find out whether game addiction will affect the socialization between teenagers and their parents in Penang are which the research sample are targeting on the teenagers of Penang. The result found out will contribute to the research field in the topic of game addiction as reference for the future research. This research will also motivate and encourage the other researchers to find out more proof and evidence in this topic. The development of research will help to identify the reason and effect of gaming in the society and will contribute in aiding this social issue. Society can understand the gaming reason and effects and also will alert the authority group and parents in paying attention to this social issue. Chapter 2: Literary review What is online game? According to Kramer (2000), in the past games are the activities that related to release pressure and to get fun. Every activity that makes you happy and brings you pleasures is a game, for example like playing Barbie dolls, listen to music and dancing. It is an activity to help you release stress and give you a pastime and amusement. In the present society, the term of games is usually linked to online games (Puentedura, 2010). Online game (web game)  is actually run by the server form internet browser and it requires connecting to internet. The internet is a network that linked computer networking in worldwide, and it is access to average people nowadays, these linked computers transmit data through Internet protocol (IP) and it allows usher to download, upload, sending message and search from internet, example like download and playing online games (yourmaindomain.com, 2012). Nowadays, there are so many online games provided for free and can be play for unlimited time, the freew are programs allow player to download and play. Besides, playing online games also make the opportunity to generate revenue from promoting the downloadable version. Promotional games are normally featured with limited in order to get the user buy the full version. For most of the online games that available on internet are written in Java languages (Programming language and computing platform, (Java.com, 2012).). Gamer Gamer is people who play video/online games (Dictionary.com, 2012). A gamer is a royal player of electronic games, especially for the gaming devices like computer and PSP for such games, and in more recent trend is playing online games. When we think about the term gaming and online game, we will directly linked the stereotypically gamer are teenagers (Hartney, 2011). According to Shimai and Kishimoto (1990), male have more chance to involve in online gaming. The research done by Silvern and Williamson (1987), has shown that men have more experience in online gaming, this is because the different beliefs exist to gender. Teenagers Teenagers is any people who aged between 13 years old to 19 years old, this is one of the important stage of changing in mental and also the physical (UrbanDictionary, 2012). The examples of changes boys and girls go through the puberty like become aggressive, sexual maturity and psychological changes. This process may happen in different age and time. According to National geographic (2011), teenager like to act different, they are aspire to become adult and always involve in complex behaviors like smoking, sex before married, gambling and also online gaming. Teenager are the part of the social group, the way they behave does not necessarily have to be negative. But most of the time teenagers refer to socially undesirable behaviors, such as over gaming, rather than socially desirable behaviors, like reading. Although it could be applied to either and either could be a positive or a negative experience for the individual. Teenager need to face the problem of Peer pressure, they are e asy to get influence and vulnerable to the peer pressure. This is due to the stage of changing when they spend less time with their parent and start to become more independent. They are not yet ready in understanding their own understanding about the relationships with others or the consequences of their behavior, this is because they are under mature. This will cause them to involve in behaviors that maybe wrong and unethical (Hartney, 2011). Parents According to Oxford Dictionaries.com (2012), parent refer to a persons father and mother and the person who give birth and raise a children. Parents always worry and concern to their children, especially the children facing the development stage in the aged between 13 years old to 19 years old (UrbanDictionary, 2012). Parents are seldom concerned about teenagers to engage in academic activities like sport and reading, as these are the activities seen as healthy social behaviors. In parents perspective, addiction is a complex process, which is caused by many different factors. Teenagers always have been worries to engage in the potentially addictive activities, such as online gaming, gambling, drug use, sexual behavior and also other unethical activities (Ledwith, 2012). According to a study by Sneed and Runco (1992), parents are not all oppose to the gaming habit of their children, for them, gaming is not just about negative effects. By playing online, their children can train their eyes-hand coordination, killtime and be familiar to the use of computer, but it also included some negative effect like the risk of taking potentially aggressive behavior, waste money to buy gaming products and also increase of the competitive values. For sure, parent also worry about their relationship with children will become drift apart. Even the side effect of gaming is very terrible, parents still willing to buy them the gaming devices, such as computer, PSP, smart phone and other devices that can play game and access to internet. They provide the opportunities for their children to access and play games, but they hope children can use it wisely (Berthelsen, 2009). According to McGillicuddy-DeLisi (1985), parents behavior is the example to their children. Inside the family context, gaming can be happened not only on children or teenager, but also parents. Parents might also play online games before and continued their gaming life after married. Some parents playing online game s mostly believe that gaming can help children to learn about the usage of computer, so they allow their children to play online games. Goodnow and Collins (1990) also argued that parents knowledge and beliefs should improve on understanding of parental actions. These beliefs and knowledge can be the use of computer to progress online gaming. The reasons why teenagers playing online games There are some basic reasons why teenagers easy to get attracted by online games. First is the price of games, games are cheap and even free for download through online space. For example, teenagers buy the top up card for only RM10 from 7-eleven to update their gaming tools on facebook games called Boomz. Second reason is the competitive behavior, most gamer will spend so many time to hit the games result and also compete with the others gamers through online, they play non-stop to complete the mission on game to get digital reward like new weapon. We all like to be superior at something. For a teen who isnt necessarily a brilliant student, he/she may be ranked in the top 5 in worldwide for Tetris Battle. The sense of subjugating digital competitor is self-satisfying and isnt too difficult once teenagers has played a game for long time. Maintaining the position of rank in the online games become a serious business, and they putting effort in the hours as a way to achieve it (Hartney , 2011). To extent and level up their games point, teenager become more and more aggressive to achieve target on gaming, example finish all level of Angry Birds to save the eggs. Third reason is the peer influence, teenagers follow what the friends do and act the way that they like (Steinberg, 2011). Since everyone playing online games, teenagers hate to become isolated and they tend to follow the trend, they enjoy playing online games and sharing the experience among their friends. Next reason is because to make new friends through online gaming, online games mostly have many players and they might not know each other at first, they can chat and share experience, it becomes a social contact in online space, these reasons may become the cause of game addiction (Horan, 2010). Teenagers playing games through online in order to manage feeling of depress like loneliness and anxiety (Saisan Smith, 2012). When faced stress and have a bad day, we will find our ways to escape from the problems and s eek for something fun to release stress, for example like gaming. Effects of online gaming According to CRC Health Group Educational Website (2011), there is several effect of online gaming usually occurring on teenagers. Spend too much time on gaming and having problem to complete their home task and also home work. Teenager have problem to manage their time wisely when playing games, they can play nonstop, hours per hours just to achieve the digital reward of online games, this become a problem to them because they cannot complete their task in real life and even concentrate on study at school. According to Yong(2009), teenagers who playing video games oftenly will have trouble like falling and losing grades at school. This is because homework becomes less of important and priority to them, they only care about the ranking of online games and also the world of cyber space. They also become more and more aggressive because of the competition on online games. Online gaming will also cause the negligence to consume foods and beverage, for example, they seldom to take food a nd even drink; they have some physical symptoms like dry eyes, headache or backache and also sleep disturbances isolation. Besides, they become reluctance to communicate with friends and family after school, and lack of communication skill to associate with people in real life. This will gradually affects their relation with parents. Game Addiciton Addiction has long been understood as a person unable to control one habit, alcohol or drug use (Hartney, 2011). This is because of the physical effects of these substances on the body, especially the brain, people often think that real addiction only occur when people often use these substances(Robinson Berridge, 2003). People also can develop addictive behavior, such as online gaming, even quite ordinary and necessary activities, such as exercise and diet (Charlton Danforth, 2007). According to Hartney (2011), game addiction is a form of computer addiction or internet addiction. Game addiction often happen on teenagers, over 70% of children aged between 13 and 19 years old play games once in awhile , while 40% of adolescents play an online multiplayer game (Van Rooij Van den Eijnden, 2007). Online gaming allows teenagers to behave very differently from their real life, like a shy child can suddenly became active; a passive child can become aggressive (CRC, 2011). According to re search from University of Southern California, the growing popularity of online video games, it will increase the risk of game addiction. The popular games such as World of Warcraft, the massive multi-online role playing games attract gamers to behave in different role in real life if gamers spending in excess of 40 to 50 hours per week playing games, this allow the happen of game addiction (Yong,2009). Gaming affects family relations MMORP is the game with virtual social environment created by multiple gamers. A study conducted by the International Gaming Research Unit at Nottingham Trent University in UK has examined the social interactions that occur both within and outside of MMORPs (Cole and Griffiths, 2007). The study showed MMORPs can be extremely social games, with the high percentages of gamers making life-long friends and partners. The gaming addict stops interacting and participating that the real-life relationships, gamers only spend time on playing games (Kolo and Baur, 2004). The behavior of gaming will strain relationships with family. According to the study by Brigham Young University, undergrad Jensen Walker (2009), was based on the information from 813 college students, the more time students spent playing video games, the worse their relationships with parents and friends. This is because the gamers have problems making social connection after spending too much time on online gaming. Some teenagers lying or hiding gaming use to family, they lie to family about what they are really doing on computer, and usually tell them that they are using the computer for work and study (Yong, 2009). Teenagers misuse money in order to spend in game-related items, some of them steal money from family members, and they lie to their family, all to find more time to play the game, this make their relationships with family worst. Teenagers spend more time in front of computer becomes withdrawn from their family and the quality of relation between families members drift apart. Walker said relationship quality is one of a cluster of things that we found to be modestly associated with video games. For most of the teenager, the important way to overcome the addiction on game is to find alternate way to overcome these difficult of feelings, it is very important to take serious on finding ways to reduce stressful situations.